Router Troubleshooting Guide

Complete guide to testing and optimizing your WiFi router performance

What is a Router?

Understanding your WiFi router's role in your network

Simple Definition

A Wi-Fi router routes traffic to and from other network devices which are connected wirelessly. It's the hub that enables all your devices to connect to the internet without cables.

WiFi Router

Wi-Fi Router

RJ45 Cable

RJ45 Cable

Requirements for Speed Testing

What you'll need to check your internet speed at the router

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Device with RJ45 Port

A laptop or computer that can connect with a network cable

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RJ45 Network Cable

Most routers come with them

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Locate Your Router

Usually has antennas but not always

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Patience

Testing takes a few minutes

Checking Speed at the Router

Follow these steps to test your router's performance

1

Connect Router to Modem

Skip this step if you have a combination modem and router.

Make sure your router is directly connected to your modem using the port labeled WAN (often a different color than the rest).

Pro Tip: If you have a rats nest of cabling, it's a good idea to label the cables and take pictures before you disconnect anything.
2

Power Off Router

Power off your router for 5 minutes. This allows it to fully reset and clear any temporary issues.

3

Connect Your Laptop

Connect your laptop directly to your router using the RJ45 cable. Use one of the LAN ports (not the WAN port).

4

Power On Router

Power on your router and watch the lights on it to ensure it shows that it is connected. This sometimes takes several minutes.

5

Run Speed Test

Open a browser on your laptop and navigate to https://www.speedtest.net (or a similar speed testing site) and run a speed test.

Expected Result: The test result should be close to the speed of your ISP plan and what you saw when you tested your modem speed.

If Speed Test is Good But WiFi is Still Poor

If the speed test result is what you expected, yet you still have poor Wi-Fi, then the problem is likely with:

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Router Configuration

Settings may need adjustment

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Router's Age

Yes, they do wear out over time

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Channel Congestion

Too many devices on same channel

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Signal Strength

Weak coverage in certain areas

Checking for Channel Congestion

Use these tools to find the best WiFi channel

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WiFi Analytics by Netgear

Mobile app for Android devices

Download App
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WiFi Analyzer

Mobile app for Android devices

Download App
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Acrylic Wi-Fi Home

Desktop utility for laptops

Download Software
How to Use These Tools

Find the channel that is least congested and switch your router to use that channel. Acrylic Wi-Fi Home can be used for both finding the best channel and testing signal strength.

Advanced

Factory Reset Your Router

Please only attempt this if you have confidence in what you are doing.

A more advanced troubleshooting step is to revert your router's configuration back to the factory default settings. This is often done by depressing a small button with the tip of a pen or paperclip for 30 seconds or so.

Important: See your user manual for instructions specific to your router model. This will erase all custom settings.

Common Router Issues

Identifying and solving typical router problems

Router Keeps Stopping

If you find your router occasionally just stops and you have to reboot it to regain Wi-Fi, it's likely due to an underpowered router.

Routers are like small computers and if they are under stress they often just stop responding - somewhat like people.

Solution: Time to buy a new router - or if you're cheap like me, just live with rebooting it frequently.

Poor Signal Throughout House

If you find your signal strength is good near the router but poor throughout the rest of the house, there are a few options:

  • Wired Access Point: Best performance but requires running cable
  • Wi-Fi Signal Booster: Better for smaller homes
  • Wireless Mesh System: More expensive but best for larger homes

Extending WiFi Coverage

Options to improve signal throughout your home

Best Performance

Wired Access Point

Run cable from your router to the destination in your house that has poor signal strength and connect the access point.

Limitation: Often not possible in finished houses.

View Options
Budget Friendly

Wi-Fi Signal Booster

Extends your existing WiFi signal to hard-to-reach areas.

Best For: Smaller homes with moderate WiFi needs.

View Options
Premium Solution

Wireless Mesh System

Multiple units work together to create seamless coverage throughout your home.

Best For: Larger homes or high WiFi demand.

View Options

If Speed Test Result is Lower Than Expected

If you've tested your speed directly at the modem and found it to be as expected but found the speed to be slow when directly connected to the router, there's a good chance it's time for a new router.

One Last Test

Reset your router to factory default and check to ensure the latest firmware is installed on the router. See your user manual for instructions. If the speed is still slow after that, then it's time to purchase a new router.

What to Look for in a New Router

Make an informed decision when purchasing router hardware

For Smaller Homes

  • Support 802.11ac or 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6)

    Wi-Fi 6 is the newest standard

  • Don't Skimp on Quality

    Expect to pay at least $125 for decent quality

  • Dual Band Router (Minimum)

    Tri-band is even better

  • Parental Controls

    Great if you have kids

Price Guide:

  • Decent: $125+
  • Intermediate: $150-$200
  • Premium: $200+

Advanced Features

  • VLAN Capability

    Advanced feature for enhanced security

  • Intelligent QoS

    Allocates bandwidth intelligently across devices

For Larger Homes

Opt for a Wi-Fi mesh network. They often cost more than a router but will provide strong, stable Wi-Fi throughout your home.

I'm not going to recommend a specific type of hardware to purchase since technology changes frequently and everybody's needs and budget are different. Read the reviews and do your homework and you'll be fine.

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Too Much to Handle?

If this is all just too much, we're here to help. Contact us and we'd be glad to offer our services to help you out.

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